Manufacture and properties of Steel - Blog 2

Hello everyone, unlike the first class todays discussion in class was much more in detail. We discussed about the source of metals, the process of manufacturing, properties of steel, its advantages and disadvantages.

Starting off with the source of metals, all the metals are present in the earth’s crust in a raw form as ORE often with other minerals and constituents mixed with them. In order to extract the metal some steps are followed staring from mining to get the required MINERAL in its purest form by breaking and blasting of huge natural ROCK formations. Further from mineral the required METAL (steel) is extracted by one of the following processes.

The manufacturing process:
1. Oxygen process:
In this process the raw form of iron ie. Pig iron ( having high carbon content) is used to extract steel using a furnace where due to oxygen entering the furnace the carbon content is reduced to produce steel ( having low carbon content)
2. Electric furnace process:
In this process electricity is passed through the electrodes which melts the iron and sucks all the other unwanted constituents mixed with the raw material.


During this process of converting Iron to steel some additives are added to change or modify the properties and characteristics to produce a by-product of steel for an intended purpose.
Aluminium & Tungsten gives hardness
Chromium and Manganese gives corrosion resistance and hardness  
Copper and molybdenum gives added strength and carrion resistance
Nickel when added increases the elasticity.

Further in the class we discussed about the materiality of steel with its properties like
Compression – the changes occurred in the material when a load is applied on it
Tension- once the material reaches it limit to compressing load it is subject to necking leading to fracture (Brittle &Ductile)
Elasticity – retain its original form after stress
Plasticity – deformation after stress is applied
Hardness – resistance to change in shape

Towards the end of the class there was a brainstorming session regarding the sustainability of steel.

Check out my next blog to know more about my views on it!

-Theerthana✌

Location: India

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